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Table of Contents
Introdução
IMPORTANTE:
- Por favor, antes de usar esta página, leia e compreenda a página a seguir: Tutorial: Minha Placa Wireless é Compatível?
- Microsoft Vista NÃO tem suporte oficial até o momento. Veja esta dica de resolução de problemas para uma outra possível alternativa.
Essa seção lida com as três áreas relacionadas:
- Compatibilidade de chipsets com o pacote Aircrack-ng
- Quais drivers são necessários para cada tipo de chipset e sistema operacional
- Quais placas wireless são conhecidas por funcionar com o pacote Aircrack-ng
Determine o chipset
Existem dois fabricantes envolvidos em placas wireless. O primeiro é a marca da própria placa. Exemplos de fabricantes de placas são Netgear, Ubiquiti, Linksys e D-Link. Existem vários, vários fabricantes além dos exemplos dados aqui.
O segundo fabricante é aquele que faz o chipset wireless dentro da placa. Essa é a empresa mais importante a saber. Infelizmente, às vezes é o mais difícil pra determinar. Isso por que fabricantes de placas geralemtne não querem revelar o que eles usam dentro das suas placas. Entretanto, para os nossos objetivos, é essencial saber o fabricante do chipset wireless. O conhecimento do fabricante da placa wireless permite você determinar quais sistemas operacionais têm suporte, drivers de software que você precisa e quais limitações são associadas a eles. A seção compatibilidade lista os sistemas operacionais suportados e as limitações separados por chipset.
Você primeiro precisa determinar qual chipset wuireless sua placa usa. Isso pode ser feito por uma ou mais destas técnicas:
- Procurar na internet por “<seu modelo de placa> chipset” ou “<seu modelo de placa> linux”. Com uma certa freqüência você pode encontrar referências de qual chipset sua placa usa e/ou experiências de outras pessoas.
- Procurar no Forum
- Você pode também dar uma olhada nos nomes de arquivos dos drivers do windows, é quase sempre o nome do chipset ou o driver a usar.
- Verifique mais tarde nesta página por placas conhecidas por funcionarem com o aicrack-ng.
- Verifique a página do fabricante da placa. De vez em quando eles dizem qual chipset eles utilizam.
- Dê uma olhada na saída do comando lspci -vv no linux.
Aqui estão alguns outros recursos para assistí-lo em determinar qual chipset você tem:
- Diretório de Chipset de Adaptador Wireless é praticamente o melhor recurso para esse tipo de informação
- Chipsets Atheros baseados em dispositivos wireless 802.11a/b/g somente placas baseadas em Atheros
- Diretório de Chipset Adaptador WLAN não está atualizado, mas ainda assim muito útil
- Comparativo de Hardware com muitos detalhes.
- Visão Geral e detalhes sbore adaptadores wireless
Chipset | Suporta o airodump para Windows | Suporta o airodump para Linux | Suporta o aireplay para Linux |
---|---|---|---|
Atheros | CardBus: SIM PCI: NÃO (ver CommView) | SIM | SIM (requer patch do driver) |
Atmel | NÃO TESTADO | 802.11b SIM 802.11g NÃO TESTADO | NÃO TESTADO |
Broadcom | Modelos antigos somente (driver BRCM) | SIM | EM PROGRESSO (Tópico no Forum) Não suporta ataque de fragmentação. |
Centrino b | NÃO | PARCIAL (driver ipw2100 não discarta pacotes corrompidos) | NÃO |
Centrino b/g | NÃO | SIM | NÃO (firmware ignora a maioria dos pacotes) ipw2200inject Não suporta ataque de fragmentação. |
Centrino a/b/g | NÃO | SIM | NÃO, mas SIM para ipw3945 com drivers ipwraw-ng. |
Cisco Aironet | SIM? | Sim, mas muito problemático | NÃO (problema de firmware) |
Hermes I | SIM | SIM | NÃO (firmware corrompe o cabeçalho MAC) |
NdisWrapper | NÃO DISPONÍVEL | Nunca | Nunca |
Prism2/3 | NÃO | SIM | SIM (PCI e CardBus somente, requere patch do driver) NOTA: Prism2/3 não suporta autenticação de chave compartilhada e ataque de fragmentação. Há um bug crítico e este chipset não é atualmente recomendável. Pode até afetar outras versões de kernel. |
PrismGT | SIM | FullMAC: SIM SoftMAC: AINDA NÃO | SIM (recomenda-se patch do driver) |
Ralink | NÃO | SIM (driver rt2500 / rt2570 / rt61 / rt73) | SIM, veja rt2500, rt2570, rt61 e rt73. Também ver comentários do chipset Ralink mais a frente nesta página para preocupações importantes. |
RTL8180 | SIM | SIM | INSTÁVEL (requer patch do driver) |
RTL8187L | NÃO TESTADO | SIM (patch] do driver] necessário para visualizar níveis de força)|SIM ([[r8187|patch] do driver] recomendado para injeção e necessário para visualizar níveis de força)| |TI\\ (ACX100/ACX111)|NÃO|SIM|SIM (requer [[acx|patch do driver) Não suporta ataque de fragmentação. | |
ZyDAS 1201 | NÃO | SIM | Parcialmente (Ver patch para detalhes) |
ZyDAS 1211B | NÃO | SIM | Parcialmente (Ver patch para detalhes). Atheros comprou a Zydas e renomeou seu chipset para AR5007UG. |
Outros (Marvel…) | NÃO | DESCONHECIDO | NÃO |
Determine o driver
Once you have determined the chipset, check the driver section for which software driver you need. Software drivers connect the operating system to the hardware. The drivers are different for each operating system. There are also notes regarding limitations.
If you are deciding on which card to purchase, check the “Which is the best card to buy?” section on this page. There are many considerations that should go into your purchase decision:
- Hardware compatibility with your existing equipment.
- Price and availability of the card.
- Availability of software drivers for your particular operating system and intended use of the software.
- How active is development for the software drivers you need.
- How much peer support and documentation is available for the card and software drivers.
It is not an easy decision to make. By considering these factors, it will help you make a more informed decision on what to purchase.
Chipset | Windows driver (monitor mode) | Linux Drivers | Note |
---|---|---|---|
Atheros | v4.2 or v3.0.1.12 or AR5000 (see this page for more information) | Madwifi | USB is not supported at all (Linux AND windows) |
Atmel | Atmel 76c503a | AT76C503/505A based USB WLAN adapters | |
Broadcom | Broadcom peek driver | bcm43xx | Windows: Old models only Linux: always use latest -rc kernel |
Centrino b | ipw2100 | 802.11b only | |
Centrino b/g | ipw2200 | See IPW2200 and RF-Mon. See more recent update info here See this thread for how to do injection. | |
Centrino a/b/g | ipw2915 ipw3945 | ipw2915 uses ipw2200 driver (See this thread for alpha injection support.) For ipw3945 you can use the ipwraw-ng driver or see Live Distros for WifiWay which includes patches for injection. | |
Cisco/Aironet | Cisco PCX500/PCX504 peek driver | airo-linux | 4500/4800/340/350 series, Firmware 4.25.30 recommended (see this for more info) |
Hermes I | Agere peek driver | Orinoco Orinoco Monitor Mode Patch | 802.11b only |
Ndiswrapper | N/A | ndiswrapper | Using windows drivers in linux. It will never work with aircrack |
cx3110x (Nokia 770/800) | cx3110x | Supports monitor mode (flaky) but not injection | |
prism2/2.5 | LinkFerret or aerosol | HostAP wlan-ng | Use STA firmware >=1.5.6 (see Prism2 flashing) 802.11b only |
prismGT | PrismGT by 500brabus | prism54 | only FullMAC cards works with aircrack on Linux |
Ralink | rt2x00 or RaLink RT2570USB Enhanced Driver or RaLink RT73 USB Enhanced Driver | Only rt2500, rt2570, rt61 and rt73 can inject and monitor. Also see Ralink chipset comments later on this pager for important concerns. | |
Realtek 8180 | Realtek peek driver | rtl8180-sa2400 | 802.11b only |
Realtek 8187 | RTL8187L plus patch | ||
TI | ACX100/ACX111/ACX100USB | ||
ZyDAS 1201 | zd1201 | 802.11b only | |
ZyDAS 1211 | zd1211 plus patch |
Which is the best card to buy ?
Atheros Chipset Comments
The best chipset nowadays is Atheros. It is very well supported under Linux, and also under Windows. Neither support any USB wireless devices. The latest madwifi-ng patch makes it possible to inject raw 802.11 packets in either in Managed and Monitor mode at arbitrary b/g speeds.
The madwifi-ng compatability list is an excellent way to determine if a card is compatible with the aircrack-ng suite. Atheros, the chipset manufacturer, also has a web page that enables you to lookup chipsets for products incorporating their designs.
The madwifi-ng driver is used for the atheros chipsets. This driver does not support any USB atheros devices. However, Atheros acquired Zydas which makes USB chipsets (zd1211 and zd1211b). Atheros has renamed this chipset to AR5007UG. The AR5007UG chipset is NOT supported by the madwifi-ng driver and is not a recommended chipset.
Ralink Chipset Comments
Ralink makes some nice b/g chipsets, and has been very cooperative with the open-source community to release GPL drivers. Packet injection is now fully supported under Linux on PCI/CardBus RT2500 cards, and also works on USB RT2570 devices. However, these cards are very temperamental, hard to get working, and have a tendency to work for a while then stop working for no reason. Furthermore, the RT2570 driver (such as that for the chipset inside the Linksys WUSB54Gv4) is currently unusable on big endian systems, such as the PowerPC. Cards with Ralink chipsets should not be your first choice.
There is one exception with regards to the Ralink chipsets. This is the RT73 chipset. There are excellent drivers with high injection rates for the RT73 chipset. Devices with the RT73 chipsets are recommended.
Realtek RTL8187L Chipset Comments
Cards containing the Realtek RTL8187L chipset work quite well and is recommended. The driver patch for this chipset has been continuously improved and quite good at this point in time. The Alfa AWUS036H is a very popular card for use with the aircrack-ng suite.
List of compatible adapters
PCMCIA/Cardbus/Express Card
Card name | Type | Chipset | Antenna | Windows support | Linux support | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Airlink AWLC4030 | CardBus | Atheros | Internal | airodump-ng | Yes | |
Belkin F5D8071 | ExpressCard | Atheros | Internal | Not tested | Yes | Product page |
D-Link DWL-650 | PCMCIA | Prism 2.5 | Internal | airodump-ng | Yes | See critical chipset notes above |
D-Link DWL-G630 C2 v3.01 | CardBus | Atheros | Internal | airodump-ng | Yes | |
D-Link DWL-G630 E1 | CardBus | Ralink | Internal | airodump-ng | Yes | |
D-Link DWL-G650 C3, C4, B5 | CardBus | Atheros | Internal or RP-SMA | airodump-ng | Yes | See Note 1 |
Linksys WPC55AG v1.2 | Cardbus | Atheros | Internal | Yes | Yes | |
MSI CB54G2 | CardBus | Ralink | Internal | No | Yes | |
Netgear WAG511 | CardBus | Atheros | Internal | airodump-ng | Yes | |
Netgear WG511T | CardBus | Atheros | Internal | airodump-ng | Yes | See note 2 |
Netgear WG511U | CardBus | Atheros | Internal | airodump-ng | Yes | |
Proxim 8470-WD | CardBus | Atheros | MC + Int. | airodump-ng | Yes | |
Senao NL-2511 CD PLUS EXT | PCMCIA | Prism 2.5 | MMCX | No | Yes | See critical chipset notes above |
TP-Link TL-WN610G | Cardbus | Atheros | Internal | airodump-ng | Yes | |
TrendNet TEW-441PC | Cardbus | Atheros | Internal | airodump-ng | Yes | |
Ubiquiti SRC | CardBus | Atheros | MMCX | airodump-ng | Yes |
Notes:
- See this link link to determine the revision. It is very likely that other revisions will work with Windows and Linux. However, this is unconfirmed.
- There are some cheaper models with a similar name (WG511 and DWL-G520+); those cards are not Atheros-based. Also, the Peek driver does not support recent Atheros cards, so you'll have to use CommView WiFi instead.
PCI/MiniPCI/MiniPCI Express
Card name | Type | Chipset | Antenna | Windows support | Linux support | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Canyon CN-WF511 | PCI | rt61 | RP-SMA | No | Yes | |
D-Link DWL-G550 | PCI | Atheros | RP-SMA | airodump-ng | Yes | |
Linksys WMP54G v4 | PCI | Ralink | RP-SMA | No | Yes | |
Linksys WMP54G-UK v4.1 | PCI | Ralink RT61 | RP-SMA | No | Yes | |
MSI PC54G2 | PCI | Ralink | RP-SMA | No | Yes | |
Netgear WG311T | PCI | Atheros | RP-SMA | airodump-ng | Yes | |
Netgear WPN311 | PCI | Atheros | RP-SMA | airodump-ng | Yes | |
Thinkpad 11a/b/g | Mini-PCI Express | Atheros | Internal | Unconfirmed but likely | Yes | See Note 1 |
Trendnet TEW-443PI A1 1R | PCI | Atheros | RP-SMA | airodump-ng | Yes |
Note:
- Netgear WG311 v1 is likely compatible. Revisions 2 and 3 are not since they are non-Atheros chipsets. See http://madwifi.org/wiki/Compatibility#WG311.
USB
Card name | Chipset | Antenna | Windows support | Linux support | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Airlink AWLL3026 | Zydas zd1211 | Internal | No | Yes | USB info: 0ace:1211 Manufacturer page |
Alfa AWUS036H | rtl8187 | RP-SMA | No | Yes | Click here for a test of this adapter |
Alfa AWUS036S | Ralink rt73 | RP-SMA | No | Yes | Click here for a test of this adapter |
Digitus DN-7003GS | rtl8187 | Internal | No | Yes | USB info: 0bda:8187 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. Manufacturer page |
D-Link DWL-G122 B1 | Ralink RT2570 | Internal | No | Yes | |
D-Link DWL-G122 C1 | Ralink RT73 | Internal | No | Yes | |
Edimax EW-7318USg Hawking HWUG1 | Ralink rt73 | RP-SMA | No | Yes | See Note 2 |
Linksys WUSB54G v4 | Ralink rt2570 | Internal or RP-SMA | No | Yes | |
Linksys WUSB54GC | Ralink rt73 | Internal | No | Yes | |
Netgear WG111 v1 | PrismGT SoftMAC | Internal | airodump-ng | No | See note 1 |
Netgear WG111 v2 | R8187 | Internal | No | Yes | See note 1 |
Trendnet TEW-429UB C1 | Zydas zd1211b | Internal | No | Yes | USB info: 157e:300d Manufacturer page |
ZyXEL AG-225H | Zydas zd1211 | Internal | No | Limited | See Note 6 |
Notes:
- Netgear WG111: This Netgear support page describes which serial numbers are for each version of the card.
- See this thread for pictures, links and other information.
Zaurus Compatible Card
All prism2 or prism2.5 on this wireless card support page can inject.
ExpressCard to PCMCIA/Cardbus Adapters
New laptops now normally come with ExpressCard slots. The current problem is that there are not a lot of ExpressCard wireless cards which are compatible with the aircrack-ng suite. However, ExpressCard to PCMCIA/Cardbus adapters have appeared in the market.
The question has always been “Will these adapters work correctly with the aircrack-ng suite”. There has been at least one success story. Read this thread for the details.
If you try any adapters, please post your findings (good or bad) to the forum. This is very important so that everyone can benefit from the experiences of others.
The is a list of adapters that people have reported as working successfully:
- Addonics ADEXC34CB ExpressCard 34 Cardbus Adapter